Act rationally

理性的行为

发言人：马入闱、龚柯宁 

主持人：张雨萌

Are we completely rational? Anecdotal evidence tells me no.

People can easily get impulsive when making decisions. That impulse is most prominent if too many choices are provided. An example is with our smartphones, something we’ve heavily and indispensably relied on. It is no rare phenomenon that one could compulsively click on a random piece of information, and another piece of information that follows. Time elapses without you realising. Yet at the end of the day, you find that amount of time wasted and you wish that you had done something more beneficial.

The outcome is undesirable yet you are drawn to it. This reluctance to abandon a current inferior decision is termed, by behavioural economists, the status quo bias. This is just one example of many established defects of human beings.

So we might not be purely rational. But upon assumed conformity to my definition of being rational, may I introduce some ways to improve decision making.

我们完全理性吗?坊间证据告诉我，并不是。

人们在做决定时很容易变得冲动。尤其是在面对太多的选项时，这种冲动就最为突出。智能手机就是一个很好的例子，它已经成为了我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。人们常常会不由自主地点击一个随机的信息片段，以及随后出现的另一个信息片段，由此刷上个一整天。以至于在一天结束的时候，我们总会发现似乎什么都没做，接着就会想着做一些正经事来弥补这些时间。

结果显然并不受欢迎，但我们却仍被它所吸引。行为经济学家把这种不愿放弃当前低级决策的态度称为“现状偏见”。但这只是人们众多既定缺陷中的一个例子.

所以我们可能不是完全理性的。但是如果你同意我对理性的定义，我也许可以介绍一些改进决策的方法。

First, to plot a plan for your purpose. It is rational to plot plans as they grant you the clarity of what should be done. Build a time schedule and rigorously comply with it. It will reduce the time wasted and ensure the progress of your goal.

In addition to plotting a plan, it is rational to constantly re-examine our decisions, thinking of what are being forgone for our decisions. What are some potential alternatives that could be worth more in achieving your goal? If you find yourself wasting time, ask yourself what you would otherwise have done in the 3 hours spent laughing to a phone? If you are already efficient, try to experiment with your plan to see how to get more productive. Maybe an hour of exercise will do you better than studying all day long? There are many tips for improving efficiency you could easily access to, so try some of those, see if they work. They might not work for you as everybody has different goals. But if they do, then it is rational to adopt them.

Finally, perform your plan. As Goethe said, “Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do.” It will be harder than it sounds. But again, remind yourself of what goals you are aiming at. Find a source of drive for you to keep on with it.

So, this is what rationality could grant you. Find goals, plot plans, constantly re-examine your plans, make resolution to execute them, and you will acquire higher efficiency in achieving your own educational benefits in the long run.

首先，为你的目标制定一个计划。制定计划是理性行为的一部分，因为它会让你清楚自己应该做什么。制定一个时间表并严格遵守它。它将减少时间的浪费，确保目标的顺利进展。

除了制定计划之外，不断地重新审视我们的决定也是合理的，想想决定会让我们放弃什么。在你实现目标的过程中，有哪些潜在的选择更有价值?如果你发现自己在浪费时间，问问自己，如果不是对着电话大笑3个小时，你会做什么?如果你已经很有效率了，试着执行一下你的计划，看看如何变得更有效率。也许一个小时的运动比整天学习对你更有好处?有很多可以被容易找到的用来提高效率的小窍门，所以试试其中的一些，看看它们是否有效。由于每个人目标的不同，他们可能并不适合你。但如果这些方法真的可行，那么采用它们就会使你的决策变得更加理性。

最后，执行你的计划。正如歌德所说，“光有知识是不够的,你必须学会用它.光有决心是不行的,你必须要行动“。执行计划比听起来要难得多。但请再次提醒自己，你的目标是什么。找到一个动力来源，让你坚持下去

这就是理性所能给你的。找到目标，制定计划，不断地重新审视你的计划，下定决心去执行它们，你将获得更高的效率，最终实现自己的学习效益。

演讲人员  马入围,龚柯宁